https://www.syncsci.com/journal/CR/issue/feed Chemical Reports 2022-12-20T14:57:15+08:00 Snowy Wang snowy.wang@syncsci.com Open Journal Systems <p><a title="Registered Journal" href="https://www.reviewercredits.com/user/chem-rep" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img class="journalreviewercredits" src="/journal/public/site/images/jasongong/Logo_ReviewerCredits-journal.jpg" alt="ReviewerCredits" align="right"></a><strong>Chemical Reports</strong><strong> (ISSN:2591-7943)</strong>&nbsp;is an open access, continuously published, international, refereed&nbsp; journal in chemical science and engineering field, publishing chemical insight, technology, characterization, and new results as broadly defined.</p> <p>Topics of interest include, but are not limited to the following:<br>• Chemical engineering<br>• Chemical technology<br>• Biochemical engineering and technology<br>• Green Chemistry<br>• Chemicals synthesis and process<br>• Chemicals structure<br>• Thermodynamics<br>• Reaction and catalysis<br>• Nanotechnology<br>• Chemical optimization<br>• Mechanics of nanostructures<br>• NEMS problems<br>• Nonlocal elasticity</p> https://www.syncsci.com/journal/CR/article/view/CR.2022.01.005 Effect of organic manures and micronutrients on seed production of carrot (Daucus carota L.) 2022-12-20T14:57:15+08:00 Asha Dhaka asha1998dhaka@gmail.com D.K. Yadav editor@syncsci.com Pooja Dhaka editor@syncsci.com Kaushalya Choudhary editor@syncsci.com <p>The experiment was conducted during 2021-22 in <em>rabi </em>season. The field study to assess the effects of organic manures and micronutrients on &nbsp;seed production of carrot (<em>Daucus carota</em> L.) cv. Pusa Rudhira was carried out at Horticulture farm, SKNCOA, Jobner, Rajasthan, India. The study revealed that the application of Poultry manure @ 2.5 t/ha significantly increased the plant height (41.95 cm), Number of shoots per plant (12.71), chlorophyll content (1.11 mg/100g), days to 50% umbel initiation (134.50 days) , number of umbels per plant (17.30), number of seed per umbel (1177.35), diameter of umbel (16.71 cm), seed weight per plant (8.43 g), days to seed maturity (185.27 minimum days) and seed yield per hectare (6.24 q/ha). Similarly, the spray of &nbsp;ZnSO<sub>4</sub> @ 0.5% &nbsp;to the carrot crop significantly increased the plant height (40.60 cm),&nbsp; number of shoots per plant (12.49), chlorophyll content (1.07 mg/100g), days to 50% umbel initiation (133.51 days), number of umbels per plant (16.30), number of seed per umbel (1175.30), diameter of umbel (16.10 cm), seed weight per plant (8.39 g), days to seed maturity (184.12 days ) and seed yield per hectare (6.21 q/ha)</p> 2022-12-20T14:57:15+08:00 ##submission.copyrightStatement## https://www.syncsci.com/journal/CR/article/view/CR.2022.01.004 Extraction and analysis of back-sheet layer from waste silicon solar modules 2022-09-16T11:24:13+08:00 Chitra Chitra charusulkan41@gmail.com Dheeraj Sah dheerajsahdheeru7@gmail.com Parveen Saini pksaini@nplindia.org Sushil kumar skumar@nplindia.org <p>The back-sheet shields the solar panel from UV rays, moisture, dust, and other environmental factors. With the enormous growth of the solar industry year after year, the demand for recycling is also increasing rapidly. In the present study, the back-sheet layer was extracted from a waste crystalline silicon PV module by thermally heating the module at 130˚C temperature. Various characterization techniques, including Raman, FTIR, SEM-EDAX, XRD, and TGA, were used to examine extracted back-sheet layer properties for its reuse. The Raman and FTIR spectra of extracted back-sheet are quite similar to those of reference PET back-sheet, indicating that no significant changes in composition occurred during the extraction process. The extracted back-sheet has a composition of carbon and oxygen as witnessed from EDAX spectroscopy. The extracted back sheet maintained its semicrystalline behavior as that of the reference back sheet, observed by XRD spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the thermal stability of extracted back-sheet is up to 252˚C in the air environment and up to 315˚C in the inert environment. Thermal degradation of extracted back-sheet is a two-step process in an air environment observed by differential thermogravimetry. The observed properties of extracted back-sheet are comparable to those of commercially available back-sheet, and the same may be reused in solar and polymer industries after appropriate processing.</p> 2022-09-16T11:21:35+08:00 ##submission.copyrightStatement## https://www.syncsci.com/journal/CR/article/view/CR.2022.01.003 Fabrication of Pb₃O₄ and Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles and their application as the catalysts in thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate 2022-09-07T14:38:24+08:00 Hossein Momenizadeh Pandas editor@syncsci.com Mostafa Fazli mfazli@semnan.ac.ir <p>Nanoparticles (NPs) of lead tetroxide (Pb<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) with the spherical morphology were manufactured by the reaction of lead nitrate with sodium hydroxide, while the nanoparticles (NPs) of red iron oxide (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) with similar morphology were fabricated by hydrothermal route in the presence of ferric chloride hexahydrate as the precursor. Evaluation of the chemical structure, the purity and the morphology of the manufactured Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and Pb<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs was carried out by analysis via X-ray diffraction (XRD) as well as scanning electron microscope (SEM). The outcomes of XRD recognized establishment of the desired oxides, wherever the SEM images clearly exhibited the morphology of the manufactured Pb<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4 </sub>and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as the spherical NPs with an average particle sizes of near to 40 and 46 nm, respectively. The catalytic effect of the metallic oxide NPs on the perfection of ammonium perchlorate (AP) thermal decomposing was established by testing their AP nano-composites via differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) together with thermogravimetric analysis (TG). Thermal behavior studies displayed that adding of 5% Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Pb<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs (as the mixture) delivers a concerned catalytic effect during AP thermal decomposition. Additionally, thermal decomposition of AP could be amended by adding of 2% Pb<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs. Further comparison of the NPs catalytic effects was obtained by computing the values of activation energies (<em>E</em>) and thermodynamic parameters (<em>i.e.</em>, Δ<em>S</em><sup>#</sup>, Δ<em>H</em><sup>#</sup> and Δ<em>G</em><sup>#</sup>) for their thermal decomposition by non-isothermal approaches.</p> 2022-09-07T14:38:24+08:00 ##submission.copyrightStatement## https://www.syncsci.com/journal/CR/article/view/CR.2022.01.001 Evaluation of an adsorption process for the treatment of leachates using biopolymers extracted from organic waste obtained from the poultry industry 2022-06-03T11:21:32+08:00 Yeinner Tarazona editor@syncsci.com María Neftalí Rojas-Valencia nrov@pumas.iingen.unam.mx Juan Antonio Araiza-Aguilar editor@syncsci.com <p>The adsorption capacity of three eggshell bioadsorbents was evaluated to remove contaminants from raw leachate. Optimal conditions for the removal of suspended solids, color, and organic compounds, as COD, were achieved by batch experiments with three levels of pH and absorbent concentrations. Kinetic studies and isotherms were developed to understand the behavior of COD removal by the bioadsorbents. The chemical and physical characterizations indicate the leachate used in the present study had characteristics between mature and intermediate leachates. The optimal adsorption conditions were pH 2.0 and 1.0 gram (0.5 g/L) of adsorbent. Adsorbent M showed the best adsorption capacities, removing 99.06% (1446 NTU) of turbidity, 86.25% (4140 UPt-Co) of color and 54.56% of COD (1530mg/L). The data obtained through the kinetic and isothermal tests were better fitted to the pseudo first order and Langmuir models, with an equilibrium adsorption capacity (Qe) of 139 mg of COD/g of adsorbent and a specific speed of 1.51 min<sup>-1</sup>.</p> 2022-06-02T19:53:00+08:00 ##submission.copyrightStatement## https://www.syncsci.com/journal/CR/article/view/CR.2022.01.002 Progress of hollow materials in diagnosis of COVID-19 2022-09-05T09:45:56+08:00 Abid Hussain abidabidi72@gmail.com Sonia Shabbir editor@syncsci.com Muhammad Faizan faizanstd@uop.edu.pk Muhammad Ali Tajwar malitajwar6@gmail.com <p>Since the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, it has dramatically changed the global geopolitics, economics, and even society standard norms. The present world scenario is changed regarding business, traveling, and education. Rapid global dissemination and the high mortality rate of coronaviruses are the greatest challenges for drug developers. It will be moving forward toward the identification and treatment of emerging coronaviruses with the aid of nanotechnology. The COVID-19 pandemic raised the question of researchers’ capability to manage this dilemma in a short period. In the present review, we described how hallow material could be developed as a pro-drug that shows an excellent therapeutic effect. Hollow nanoparticles that exploration of antiviral or diagnostic agents against emerging coronaviruses. Hollow nanomaterials in vaccine development are essential because hollow nanocomposites are suitable for mimicking viral structures and antigen delivery. A biosensor that generates a signal from a transducer for comparing and analyzing biological conjugates such as cell receptors, antibodies, RNA, DNA, and nucleic acids. Different biosensors, such as graphene-based biosensors, nanoplasmonic sensor chips, nanomaterial biosensors, electrochemical biosensors, dual modality biosensors, and optical biosensors, have several advantages, characteristics, and a wide range of applications, most remarkably in medical treatment and are used for monitoring and diagnosis. This review focuses on modern experimental studies to identify intelligent and innovative bio/nanomaterials and matrices for developing targeted and controlled drug release systems, nanosensors and nanovaccines to combat pathogenic viruses.</p> 2022-09-05T09:43:34+08:00 ##submission.copyrightStatement##