Obi, M.F., Officer, A., Schweitzer, S. and Goswami, T. 2025. A Data-Driven Evaluation of ECD Measurement Techniques Across Traditional and AI-Based Modalities. Research on Intelligent Manufacturing and Assembly. 4, 2 (Jul. 2025), 239-265. DOI:https://doi.org/10.25082/RIMA.2025.02.002.