Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article

Phytochemical analysis and GC-MS based bioactive compounds determination of 60 days Nigerian Vigna Radiata aqueous root extract

Main Article Content

Ebelechukwu C. Mmuta corresponding author
Josephat O. Ogbuagu
RoseMary U. Arinze
Elochukwu A. Aniecheonwu
Kingsley T. Agusiobo
Chimeebele A. Echekoba
Adaora S. Ogbuagu

Abstract

In the present study, the sturdy root of Nigerian Vigna radiata (L.) commonly called mung bean was investigated for the phytochemical content. This was necessitated as a result of limited information observed on the phytochemical content of fully matured Nigerian Vigna radiata root. 60 days old Vigna radiata (L.) plant, a newly introduced crop in Nigeria, was harvested from the farm of National Biotechnology and Research Development Agency, Abagana Centre, Nigeria. The roots were neatly separated from the plant, rinsed well with distilled water, air dried and grounded into flour. The 60 days old Nigerian Vigna radiata root flour sample (NVrR) subjected to preliminary phytochemical assay revealed the presence of 12 bioactive compounds with a remarkable high percentage concentration of 26.780% recorded for flavonoids content. Tannins also recorded appreciable value of 8.927% while values < 5% were noted for the remaining compounds. Further confirmation of the actual bioactive compounds present in 60 days old NVrR through GC-MS studies, generated 30 observable peaks with 28 bioactive compounds identified through spectrum matching with MassHunter\Library\NIST14.L spectral database. The major component, eluted at RT 23.565 (peak area 33.38%) revealed a bioactive compound which has been reported as an active ingredient in the production of detergents and biodiesel. This discovery represents a groundbreaking innovation in the utilization of NVrR for the production of briquettes, offering a cost-effective alternative energy source. Isolation of the identified compounds may prove the NVrR an important raw material for industrial productions.

Keywords
mung bean, Vigna radiata, phytochemicals, GC-MS

Article Details

How to Cite
Mmuta, E. C., Ogbuagu, J. O., Arinze, R. U., Aniecheonwu, E. A., Agusiobo, K. T., Echekoba, C. A., & Ogbuagu, A. S. (2024). Phytochemical analysis and GC-MS based bioactive compounds determination of 60 days Nigerian Vigna Radiata aqueous root extract. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biopharmaceutical Research, 6(1), 468-476. https://doi.org/10.25082/JPBR.2024.01.003

References

  1. Yao Y, Chen F, Wang M, et al. Antidiabetic Activity of Mung Bean Extracts in Diabetic KK-Ay Mice. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2008, 56(19): 8869-8873. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf8009238
  2. Sonklin C, Alashi MA, Laohakunjit N, et al. Identification of antihypertensive peptides from mung bean protein hydrolysate and their effects in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Journal of Functional Foods. 2020, 64: 103635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2019.103635
  3. Kabré WJ d’Arc, Dah-Nouvlessounon D, Hama F, et al. Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Colon Cancer Activities of Mung Bean Grown in Burkina Faso. Di Giacomo C, ed. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2022, 2022: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7873572
  4. Mmuta EC, Echekoba CA, Igwe OS, et al. Phytochemical screening and GC-MS analysis of bioactive compounds present in methanolic extracts of 60 days old Nigerian Vigna Radiata leaves. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biopharmaceutical Research. 2024, 6(1): 459-467. https://doi.org/10.25082/jpbr.2024.01.002
  5. Oplinger ES, Hardman LL, Kaminski AR, et al. Mungbean. Alternative Field Crops Manual. 1990. https://www.hort.purdue.edu
  6. Obadoni BO, Ochuko PO. Phytochemical Studies And Comparative Efficacy Of The Crude Extracts Of Some Haemostatic Plants In Edo And Delta States Of Nigeria. Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences. 2002, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.4314/gjpas.v8i2.16033
  7. Wang L, Liu LF, Wang JY, et al. A strategy to identify and quantify closely related adulterant herbal materials by mass spectrometry-based partial least squares regression. Analytica Chimica Acta. 2017, 977: 28-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2017.04.023
  8. Pearson D. Chemical Analysis of Foods. Churchil livingstone, London, UK 7th ed. 1976, 137-140.
  9. Harborne JB. Methods of Plant Analysis. Phytochemical Methods. Published online 1973: 1-32. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5921-7_1
  10. Young SM, Greaves JE. Influence of variety and treatment on phytin content of wheat. Journal of Food Science. 1940, 5(1): 103-108. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1940.tb17171.x
  11. AOAC International; Official methods of analysis of AOAC international (17th ed.). Gaithersburg, 2002.
  12. Yusnawan E, Sutrisno S, Kristiono A. Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Mung bean Seed Cultivars from Optimized Extraction Treatment. Buletin Palawija. 2019, 17(1): 1. https://doi.org/10.21082/bulpa.v17n1.2019.p1-9
  13. Anneken DJ, Both S, Christoph R, et al. Fatty Acids. Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Published online December 15, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1002/14356007.a10_245.pub2